A superior hypogastric plexus block is a procedure aimed at relieving chronic pelvic pain and involves injecting medication into a group of nerves in the lower abdomen. This procedure can be helpful for conditions such as endometriosis, pelvic inflammatory disease, pelvic cancer, or chronic prostatitis, which can cause pain in the lower abdomen, pelvis, or groin area. The goal is to block pain signals that travel through these nerves, providing both diagnostic benefits and pain relief.

During this procedure, the patient lies down on an X-ray table, and a local anesthetic numbs the skin. Using fluoroscopic (live X-ray) guidance, the doctor carefully inserts a thin needle near the L4-S1 disc level to reach the nerve area, known as the superior hypogastric plexus, and delivers the medication. This can involve a local anesthetic to provide immediate relief or a neurolytic agent, such as ethanol, for longer-lasting results.

While the procedure offers significant benefits, there are also some risks. These can include temporary numbness, soreness, or, rarely, infection or nerve damage. To prepare, it is typically necessary to fast for about eight hours before the procedure, and you may need to stop certain medications, like blood thinners, beforehand. Recovery usually involves resting briefly after the injection, and most people can resume normal activities in a day or two. Pain relief can last for weeks to months, though some patients may require further treatments for continued relief.

For anyone experiencing significant pelvic pain, discussing whether a superior hypogastric plexus block might be suitable is advisable. Understanding your specific condition and medical history will help your medical team determine the best approach for pain management.