A shoulder joint injection involves injecting medicine directly into the shoulder joint to reduce pain and swelling, commonly used for arthritis, rotator cuff injuries, and frozen shoulder.

A small needle is precisely inserted into the joint, often guided by ultrasound or X-ray. The injection typically contains a corticosteroid or hyaluronic acid to improve joint movement and lubrication.

This treatment helps relieve stiffness, pain that worsens with movement, and discomfort that affects sleep. Pain relief has two phases: immediate numbness from a local anesthetic, and more lasting relief from the steroid, which takes a few days to work and can last for weeks or months.

Steroids can have side effects, especially with repeated use, such as temporary pain flare-ups, joint weakening, increased blood sugar, and possible cartilage damage. Injections are limited to a few times per year to avoid long-term issues.

Alternatives include physical therapy, NSAIDS, activity modification, and regenerative medicine like PRP or stem cell therapy, which may promote healing using your body's factors. Surgery might be considered if other treatments fail.

The risks are low but include infection, bleeding, or allergic reaction. Some may experience temporary increased pain, known as “post-injection flare,” resolving within days.

Before the injection, the skin is cleaned and numbed for comfort. Afterward, it’s important to rest the shoulder and avoid heavy lifting. A follow-up may be scheduled to assess treatment success and next steps.

Shoulder joint injections can help those not relieved by less invasive treatments. Discuss with your medical team whether this or other treatments like regenerative medicine are suitable for you.