Peroneal neuropathy, also called common fibular nerve palsy, affects a nerve in the lower leg that controls movement and feeling in the foot and lower leg. When this nerve is damaged or compressed, it can lead to foot drop (difficulty lifting the front part of the foot), numbness, tingling, and weakness—especially on the top of the foot and the outer leg.

This condition can be caused by several factors. Compression or pressure from sitting with legs crossed or wearing tight shoes can press on the nerve. Injuries like a broken leg or a direct blow to the knee can also damage it. Systemic issues such as diabetes may harm nerves over time. In some cases, surgery and resulting scar tissue can irritate the nerve.

Treatment focuses on relieving pressure and restoring function. Physical therapy can strengthen muscles and improve movement. Adjusting footwear to reduce nerve pressure can help. In some cases, doctors may use injections to manage pain. If conservative methods aren’t enough, surgery might be needed to release pressure. For severe or persistent pain, long-term options like peripheral nerve stimulation—an implant that sends gentle electrical signals to the nerve—or spinal cord stimulation, which changes how pain is felt, may be considered.

Preventing further damage includes managing conditions like diabetes and avoiding positions that compress the nerve. Early care helps restore movement and avoid complications.