Cauda Equina Syndrome (CES) is usually a serious and rare spinal condition that occurs when the cauda equina, a bundle of nerves at the lower end of the spinal cord, becomes compressed. These nerves control important functions such as leg movement, bladder, and bowel control. When they are compressed, symptoms can appear suddenly and require urgent medical attention.

Common signs of CES include severe lower back pain, numbness or weakness in the legs, difficulty walking, and bladder or bowel dysfunction. A tingling or numb sensation in the area that touches a saddle when sitting—known as "saddle anesthesia"—is another hallmark symptom.

The most common cause of CES is a herniated disc in the lower spine that presses on these nerves. Other causes include spinal tumors, infections, traumatic injuries, and spinal canal narrowing (stenosis).

CES can become a medical emergency that requires immediate intervention. If you experience these symptoms, seek emergency medical care immediately. Diagnosis is typically confirmed with an MRI scan, which provides a detailed image of the spine and identifies nerve compression.

The primary treatment for symptomatic CES is surgery to relieve pressure on the nerves. Surgery is typically performed within 48 hours of symptom onset to improve the chances of recovery. Delaying treatment increases the risk of permanent paralysis, chronic pain, and lasting bladder or bowel dysfunction.

Early recognition and rapid medical intervention are critical to preventing long-term complications. Talk to our team immediately and go to the ER right away if you are experiencing symptoms of CES.