Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is a chronic inflammatory arthritis mainly affecting the spine, causing pain, stiffness, and reduced flexibility. Over time, AS can lead to spinal bone fusion, limiting movement and impacting posture. The condition is strongly linked to the HLA-B27 gene, though many with this gene do not develop AS. Diagnosis involves a physical exam, medical history, and imaging tests like X-rays or MRIs, which detect inflammation and spinal changes.

AS usually starts in young adults aged 15 to 35 and is more common in males. The exact cause is unclear, likely due to genetic and environmental factors. Symptoms typically begin with lower back pain and stiffness, worse in the morning and improving with movement. Some may experience joint pain, eye inflammation (uveitis), fatigue, or breathing difficulty if AS advances.

There's no cure for AS, but treatment focuses on symptom management, mobility preservation, and slowing progression. Medications like NSAIDS reduce pain and inflammation. In severe cases, biologic therapies targeting immune pathways or, rarely, spinal cord stimulation may be used. Physical therapy is crucial for retaining spinal flexibility, improving posture, and reducing stiffness.

Lifestyle changes are important too. Staying active, maintaining good posture, and avoiding smoking help manage symptoms and improve outcomes. Regenerative medicine options, like platelet-rich plasma (PRP) injections or cell-based therapies, may reduce inflammation in some cases.

Regular follow-ups with your healthcare team are crucial for adjusting treatments and monitoring progression. Consult your team to find the best treatment plan for you.